Improvement in seeding-machines



2 Sheets-Sheet 1. GOGGESHALL & WARNER.

Grain-Drill No. 18,959. Patented Decv 29, 1857.

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MILPHOTO-LITHO. C0.N.Y. (OSBORNE'S PROCESS) 2 SheetS -SheeL-Z. COGGESHALL & WARNER.

Grain-Drill.

Patented Dec. 29. 1857.

lnve ntorz- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VILLIAM GOGGESHALL, OF MASSILLON, AND B. B. WARNER, OF \VADS- WORTH, OHIO. J

IMPROVEMENT IN SEEDING-MACHINES.-

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. [8,959, dated December :29, 1857.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we,W1LLIAM COGGESHALL, of Massillon, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, and B. B. WVARNER, of Vadsworth, in the county of Medina and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in a Combined Grain-Drill and Grass-Sower; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which-- Figure 1 represents a top view of the machine; Fig. 2, a side elevation; Fig. 3, a detached section, showing the gears and one drill-tube; and Fig. 4, sections which will be hereinafter explained.

Like letters refer to like parts in the different views.

The nature of our invention consists in such an arrangement that the seeds can be equally distributed along the drill, and also in such an arrangement and combination that two kinds of seed-say grass-seed or clover and wheatcan be sown at the same time or separately and uniformly.

In Figs. 1 and 2, A A represent the groundwheels. These are four feet in diameter, and made in the ordinary manner of carriagewheels. The axle-tree that passes from one to the other is concealed from view by the seedboxes in Fig. 1 and by the gears and driving- \\heel in Fig. 2.

The side pieces of the frame are four feet six inches long, and are seen at B B, Figs. 1 and 2, and the cross-bars thatconnect the back and front ends are seen at O O and D D, Figs. 1 and 2. These are five feet seven inches long, making the frame four feet six inches by live feet seven inches.

The pole or tongue is seen at E, Figs. 1 and 2. The covers of the seed -boxes are seen at F F and Gr G in Figs. 1 and 2. The ends of the two seed-boxes are seen at F and G in Fig. 2. The length of the seed-boxes is live feet four inches and a half and their height ten inches. Their width at top is eleven and a halfinches and at bottom ten inches. These dimensions are for an eight-tubed drill of full size. In Fig. l a portion of the cover (marked G) is removed to show the seed-roller at the bottom. A single spout or tube is shown in each of the Figs. 2 and 3 at H H. The flexible jointed and roller are seen at I and l in Fig. 2 and 3. These spouts or tubes are attached firmly to dragarms K K, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, which extend forward under the axle-trees and are attached to the under side of the forward beam, D, by means of the braces L L, the ends of which book into staples or their eqvivalents upon the under side of the cross-bar D. By this arrangement the seed-drill spouts can be raised entirely from the ground at-pleasure by means hereinafter to be described. The driving-wheel M, Figs. 2 and 3, is firmly attached to the hub of the near carriage-wheel.

1n the bottom of each seed-box F and G is a metallic cylinder, running the whole length of each seed-box. One of these is seen in part atN in Fig. l, a part of the cover being removed for that purpose. These seed-rollers are about one and a half inch in diameter, and have upon their faces'cavities, into which the seed falls while they are being revolved, These cavities are arranged alternately, as seen at O in Fig. 4-that is, the cavities, being round, are so arranged that the inner edge of every alternate cavity is nearly on a line with the centers of the opposite, as is further seen at 0, Fig. 4. By this arrangement there is a continuous stream of seed discharged through the tubes H, whereas \verethese cavities arranged as at O a jet of seed would be discharged by each cavity,and the drill would present the appearance shown in Fig. 5 at P P, being much more numerous in the center In our improvement thedischarge of seed is continuous, as seen at L P, Fig. 5, by means of the cavities extending pasteach other, as seen at O.

The cavities in the grass-seed roller in the bottom of the box F are spirally arranged or otherwise, as seen in Fig. 6, and are of course smaller in diameterand depth. By this means the grass seedisdistrilnited about equally over the ground in frontof the seed-tubes, by theaction of which these seeds are covered. The seed-rollers are put in motion by means of cogwheels, which I will now proceed to describe.

The driving-wheel M, already referred to, is aboutone foot in diameter. This being attached to the hub of the ground-wheel, of course revolves with it. Each seed-roller is furnished pipes that convey the seed from the seed-box I with a similar wheel, Q R, Figs. 2 and 3, but

of less diameter,which areattached to the end of the journal of the seed-roller. Theserollers, being stationary, as regards position, must be put in motion by an intermediate wheel, as seen at S T, Figs. 2 and 3. These intermediate wheels are supported by compound levers U and V, Figs. 2, 3, and 7, which have their tulcrums upon the journals of the seed-rollers. These levers are seen in detached section at Fig. 7, the fulcrums being at Q and It, respectively. When the wheels are all in gear, as represented in Fig. 2, and by the red lines in Fig. 3, theleversoccupy theposition seen in Fig. 2, the seed-spouts H resting upon the gr0und,as in that figure. Now, it follows that if the long arm of the lever, U, is elevated or carried in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2

the wheel S will be moved away from the driving-wheel M, and thus thrown out of gear at the same time the short arm of the lever (seen at U, Fig. 2) is depressed in the direction ofthe arrow, and this acting upon theleverV by means of a pin-joint, w, the wheel T is also at the same time thrown out of gear, thus leaving the ground-wheel free from any connection with the seed-rollers. This compound lever being depressed at U in the direction opposite that indicated by the arrow, the wheels are all again thrown into gear. This movement is accomplished by means of a short lever, (seen at W, Figs. 2, 3, and 7.) This lever is supported by a curved brace, X, Figs. 2 and 3. A bar (seen at W) passes from the long arm of this lever to the opposite side of the machine, and is secured to a curved brace in the same manner as the opposite end. The short arm of this lever W is bent at an angle of about sixty degrees, and is coupled to a connecting-rod, Y, that unites the short arm of theUl ever W with the long arm of the lever U at It will be observed that in carrying the long arm of the lever Win the direction of thearrow a the bar Wis brought backward and downward in the direction of the arrow (1.. In this case the outer end of the lever W moves from b to 0, by the action of which the wheels S and T are thrown out of gear, as before stated; but it is also necessary in order to move the machine from place to place to raise the hollow seedspouts H from the ground. This is done by the movement of the lever W from b to c by means of a strap or cord, which is fastened to the back part of the upper end of the spouts H by a little projection (seen at 01, Figs. 2 and 3.) This strap (seen at e) passes over a roller, f, and from thence it passes to the crossbar W, Fig. l, to which it is attached. There is a strap of this kind for every spout, all passing over the same roller. When the spouts rest upon the ground the lever W stands at b, Fig. 2, and the wheels are all thrown .into gear. In Fig.

3 the spout is also represented as being upon the ground; but if the lever is moved from b, Fig. 3, as indicated by the red lines, to c the blade of the spout rises from g to g, the latter position being indicated by the red line in Fig.

1. The wheels are also represented in Fi 3 as being out of gear. There are connectingtubes seen at I I, Fig. 3, that serve to convey the seed to the seed-spout, but which slide into each other when the spouts are raised.

In order to give a slower or quicker relative motion to the seed-rollers, the angle 70 ot' the lever U and the extremity l of the lever V are provided with a slot each, by which means a larger or smaller connecting-wheel can be introduced and adjusted so as to fit the difi'erent wheels. By this means the quantity of seed per acre can be accurately determined. By this means, also, the connecting-wheel T can be removed by taking out the screw-bolt that holds it in place in the slot 1 of the lever V, and by this means the grass-seed roller in the bottom of the box F can be left at rest, or the connecting-wheel S can be in like manner removed and grass-seed alone sown broadcast; or both wheat or other grain and grass-seed may be sown at once.

The devices hereinbefore described are not claimed to be new, separately considered; but what distinguishes our improvement from all others is that by the peculiar arrangement of the seed-cups at O in Fig. 4 a uniform distribution of seed is produced along the drill, as shown at P P, Fig. 5, whereas in the former method, as shown at P P, Fig. 5, the grain is deposited at intervals, as represented.

Our improvement is also distinguished from all others by the peculiar arrangement of the levers U V, the lever U, Fig. 7 acting upon the lever V by means of the coupling seen at 00, Fig. 7, so that both seed-rollers can be thrown out of gear by the action of the lever W and the connecting-rod Y at the same time the seed-tubes H are raised from the ground, as

before described also, in the arrangement of t the levers U and V, whereby the intermediate wheels can be removed, so that either seedroller can be used separately. In this way seed can be sown broadcast separately or grain can be drilled separately, .or both can be used at once. I

We do not. claim the alternate arrangement of seed-cavities in the seed-roller, so as to produce a corresponding deposit of seed in separate adjacent rows or drills, being aware that such is not new.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The levers U V, respectively bearing the removable and replaceable gear-wheels S T, when arranged, operated, and combined together, and in combination with the gear-wheels of two seed-rollers and the driving-wheel, substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein specified, disclaimin g all other combinations of levers and gearing not essentially the same as herein set forth.

WM. GOGGESHALL. B. B. WARNER. Witnesses:

SAMUEL SHoUP, J OSEPH HECKMAN. 

